Massage Classification System Researched

A major challenge in massage research is that the terms used to describe massage treatments are not defined consistently, according to a study published in the June 23, 2006, issue of BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

This problem affects the reliability and precision of massage research. For example, “deep tissue” is interpreted by some as neuromuscular therapy, and by others as Swedish massage with added pressure. In an effort to create a common language for massage researchers and practitioners, a collaboration of researchers recently proposed a classification system for massage treatments.

“Development of a taxonomy to describe massage treatments for musculoskeletal pain,” a literature review, explored the massage treatment literature for musculoskeletal pain, which consisted of 18 textbooks and three databases. The techniques identified in the literature were discussed by a senior massage-therapist educator and seven experienced massage therapists. Definitions for these techniques were then established based on their mechanics and applications.

What resulted is a classification system for principal goals of treatment, styles and techniques. The four goals of treatment identified by this study are relaxation massage, clinical massage, movement re-education, and energy work. Examples of styles, as defined in this study, are Swedish massage, myofascial release, and Reiki. A total of 36 distinct techniques were identified and described, many of which could be included in multiple styles. Examples of techniques are kneading, rocking, and direction of energy.

The authors conclude that the standardized terminology could help students, researchers and practitioners with clearer communication about the nature of massage treatments.

The full text of the study is available at www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/6/24.